Reciprocal tariffs : a threat to global trade?
Reciprocal tariffs, highlighted by Donald Trump during his announcement on February 13, involve applying the same rate to imports as is imposed by the exporting country. This approach aims to rebalance trade in response to taxes deemed unfair by the United States.
True to his America First policy, Trump is intensifying pressure on economic partners, following previous tariff increases on Chinese products, aluminum, and steel. However, this protectionist strategy has raised serious concerns in Europe and calls into question its compliance with international trade rules.
The objective of reciprocal tariffs is to protect domestic industries from foreign competition by restoring a balance deemed unfavorable to the United States. By imposing tariffs identical to those of exporting countries, Trump aims to encourage these nations to lower their own taxes.
However, this strategy has sparked tensions with major trading partners, notably the European Union, which is concerned about the repercussions on its exports. The European automotive sector, for example, is heavily dependent on the American market and could be severely affected by retaliatory measures.
Furthermore, the World Trade Organization (WTO) considers this approach to be contrary to its non-discrimination rules. According to the WTO, tariffs must be applied equitably to all member countries, regardless of their tariff policies. By imposing tailor-made taxes based on trading partners, the United States is violating this fundamental principle.
Reciprocal tariffs, although intended to protect the American economy, risk triggering a global escalation of protectionism. It remains to be seen whether this confrontational policy will result in more balanced agreements or spark a trade war with unpredictable consequences.
« If they impose a customs duty or tax on us, we impose exactly the same level of customs duty or tax on them, it’s as simple as that.»
Donald Trump
